Nanotechnology encompasses the understanding of the fundamental physics, chemistry, biology and technology of nanometre-scale objects. Nanotechnology, also shortened to nanotech, is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular  scale for industrial purposes. Theranostics is a term derived from a combination of the words therapeutics and diagnostics. In this emerging field of medicine, drugs and/or techniques are uniquely combined to simultaneously or sequentially diagnose and treat medical conditions. The medical application of nanotechnology is referred to as nanomedicine, and this is made possible by a vast range of medical and scientific methodologies. One such approach is the use of nanoparticles in theranostics. The ultimate aim of combining nanomedicine and theranostics is to modify disease and patient-specific outcomes in such a way that they are drastically improved.

Quantum biology is the study of applications of quantum mechanics and theoretical chemistry to biological objects and problems. Many biological processes involve the conversion of energy into forms that are usable for chemical transformations, and are quantum mechanical in nature. Quantum biology may use computations to model biological interactions in light of quantum mechanical effects.

Quantum Medicine is Medicine based also on Quantum Mechanisms in Biology, not only based on Chemistry.

In politics, diplomacy and export control, “dual-use” refers to technology that can be used for both peaceful and military aims. More generally speaking, dual-use can also refer to any technology which can satisfy more than one goal at any given time. Thus, expensive technologies that would otherwise benefit only civilian commercial interests can also be used to serve military purposes if they are not otherwise engaged, such as the Global Positioning System.

Human Enhancement can be described as the natural, artificial, or technological alteration of the human body in order to enhance physical or mental capabilities. Human Enhancement is to be intended not only from a qualitative point of view, but also from a quantitative one (longevity).

Spin Physics is the part of Physics that is focused on SPIN.

Elementary particles have intrinsic properties.  Some of these properties are the same properties we associate with macroscopic objects, such as mass and charge.  Some are purely quantum-mechanical and have no macroscopic analog.

Spin is intrinsic angular momentum associated with elementary particles.  It is a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon without any analog in classical physics.  Spin is not associated with any rotating internal parts of elementary particles; it is intrinsic to the particle itself.  An electron has spin, even though it is believed to be a point particle, possessing no internal structure.  The concept of spin was introduced in 1925 by Ralph Kronig, and independently by George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit.

Spin is quantized, and can only take on discrete values.  The spin angular momentum of an electron, measured along any particular direction, can only take on the values ħ/2 or -ħ/2.

Magnonics is an emerging field of modern magnetism, which can be considered a sub-field of modern solid state physics. Magnonics combines the study of waves and magnetism.

Its main aim is to investigate the behaviour of spin waves in nano-structure elements.